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Electric Energy, Modern world and Pakistan. Where we stand?

In the modern world, electric energy is one of the most primary need of every person. Look around your self, you’ll find countless appliances that are run by electricity, whether it is your cell phone, laptop you often use or to enlighten your house by giving light at night. It is so important for every single field exist on the planet Earth.

It is integrated every where including the means used for transportation or to run an industry, the thing one need the most is electricity. Without going into scientific terms, the easiet way to understand electricity is that it is a no loss energy. It is a power converted to do work with out any loss of energy.

List of countries by electricity consumption
List of countries by electricity consumption

It is also interesting to know that how it is generated and what are the means by which an electricity could generate. They are various types from which electricity could generate like hydroelectric power, nuclear power, wind power, solar power and fossil fuels.

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These types further splits into two types, one is renewable energy source and the other one is non renewable energy source depending upon the source wether it could be traced back to its original shape after generating electricity.

The countries with advanced infrastructure consume a large amount of power to run their industries and for domestic use. It is consider a lifeline because any shortage of electricity could have serious consequences on their system, economy and the domestic life.

Pakistan Production capacities per energy source

These countries always find a way to generate cheap electricity for their huge industries and growing population. One such country is France, which is an advanced country with a very stable and strong economy. France is the member of P5 in the UN security council and considered as key country on international level. The electricity needs of the country is estimated to be over 60,000 MW.

Pakistan Energy Situation - energypedia.info
Pakistan Energy Situation

For the production of huge amount of energy in the power sector, France has set enormous power plants across the country. Hydroelectric power plants are considered to be the most cheap source of energy but only 10% of the total energy needs of the country is fulfilled by hydroelectric power.

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Energy Production and Consumption in the United States | EBF 301: Global  Finance for the Earth, Energy, and Materials Industries
Energy Production and Consumption in the United States

For it’s rapid growing need of energy, the country is generating huge amount of energy through nuclear power plants. Nuclear energy accounts for more than 70% of the total power consumption with in the country. France is probably the second biggest nuclear energy generator in the world after United States.

France has about 56 nuclear power reactors in operation upto now and generate huge amount of cheap energy and export it to the other countries as well. Apart from nuclear energy other sources like wind, solar and fossil fuels also accounts for production of the electricity to meet it’s domestic needs.

Chinese coal-fired electricity generation expected to flatten as mix shifts  to renewables - Today in Energy - U.S. Energy Information Administration  (EIA)
Chinese coal-fired electricity generation expected to flatten as mix shifts to renewables


United States as the super power of the world is by far the largest energy producer of the world with its generating capacity is more than any other country on the planet. About 63% of US total energy produced by non renewable sources including oil, gas and coal. About 19% of total energy generated through nuclear power plants and hydroelectric power accounts for very less amount of total energy produced by it despite having the huge number of dams.

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There are about 80,000 dams with in the US out of 80,000 only 2400 dams are producing hydroelectric energy. This is still a huge number but considering the usage of power this accounts for very less contribution to the country in energy sector.
China is another country which generate huge amount of energy to fullfill its growing need as an emerging economic power.

UK electricity generation statistics 1920 – 2012 | Energy Matters
UK electricity generation statistics 1920 – 2012 | Energy Matters

At present China is the biggest energy producer in the world. China is also the largest energy producer through hydro and coal in the world. In 2015, the hydroelectric power generated by China was 1126 TWh, which was about 20% of its total need.

At present energy from coal accounts for more than 60% of China’s total energy consumption and hydroelectric energy account for only 16% along with other renewable and non renewable sources.

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China by far has build more dams than any other country on the planet in the recent past since it’s economic boom. At present China has more than 22,000 large dams and the second in the list is US having around 9000 large dams.
Now when we talk about Pakistan’s energy sector, it is quite shameful that despite having very less energy requirements of about 25,000 MW.

Electricity sector in India - Wikipedia
Electricity Production in india

Pakistan has huge potential of power production but no one has every look into this matter seriously despite knowing the importance of energy in the modern world. The total power production in the country stood at 22,000 MW leads to a deficit of 3000MW.

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This deficit had serious consequences to the industry and the economy of the country. Many industries shifted from Pakistan to the other neighboring countries due to power cut. Irony is despite having huge potential of hydroelectric power only 27 percent of total energy produced is generated by hydropower. Coal, oil and gas accounts for more than half of the total energy needs of the country.

The energy by these sources is expensive as compared to the hydroelectric power which means an expensive energy for the people make it difficult for them. Bottom line is knowing the importance of energy we should now focus more to produce cheap and renewable energy and the best way to do it is by constructing dams.

Can Pakistan make its energy sector greener, cheaper and more reliable? The  government thinks so | World Economic Forum

Efforts are now taken by government to build dams but these decisions should have been taken at least two decades before to adress the problems we are facing now. Anyhow these dams are a lifeline to Pakistan’s survival and therefore must not be politicized.

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